10 Living Legends That Survived Mass Extinctions

6. Sturgeons: The Ancient Giants of Freshwater

Sturgeons are among the oldest groups of bony fish, with a lineage that dates back over 200 million years. These ancient giants have survived multiple mass extinctions, adapting to a variety of freshwater and coastal habitats. Sturgeons are characterized by their elongated bodies, armored scales, and distinctive barbels used for detecting prey on the riverbed. They are known for their long migrations, traveling hundreds of miles to spawn in their natal rivers, a behavior that has contributed to their resilience and adaptability. The survival of sturgeons through mass extinctions is attributed to their unique life history traits. They are long-lived, with some species living over 100 years, and have a slow growth rate, allowing them to withstand environmental fluctuations. Sturgeons have a diverse diet, feeding on invertebrates, fish, and plant material, which enables them to adapt to different ecological conditions. Their ability to migrate between freshwater and marine environments also provides them with a wider range of habitats and resources.

Despite their ancient lineage, sturgeons are facing significant threats from overfishing, habitat fragmentation, and pollution. Many species are now critically endangered, with populations declining due to the demand for their roe, known as caviar. Conservation efforts are focused on protecting critical habitats, restoring river connectivity, and regulating fishing practices. The story of sturgeons highlights the importance of preserving freshwater ecosystems and the need for sustainable management of natural resources to ensure the survival of these living legends.